Quote
Water's greatest volume is just before it freezes, at about 2-3 degrees celsius. Thats why the dent doesn't come out until you just start to thaw it. The ice on the ends of the ice-mass plug it in place.
Just wondering on what planet this happens on...... :lol::lol::lol::lol::lol:
ACTUALLY, Water has it's SMALLEST volume at exactly 4 degrees Celcius, it expands from there if either heated or cooled.
Water freezes (becomes a solid) at 0 degrees Celcius but keeps expanding as it gets colder and colder, so when ice increases in temperature, it is shrinking in volume until it reaches 4 degrees C (just above 0 it becomes water but still shrinks in volume until it reached 4 deg. C), once it gets above 4 it increases in volume once again, so it is NOT the melting of ice/water that gets the dent out.
Ice at -10 celcius is bigger in volume than ice at -2 celcius....
look at an ice cube tray - it's a great example - fill it to the top with water - the water is level with the top, let it freeze to -2 and it will have a slight bump upwards because it's volume increased, continue freezing it to -20 and the bump gets bigger as it gets colder.
The reason the dent gets pushed out is due to the expansion taking the path of least resistance, there is more friction for the ice to expand and move all the other ice molecules down the length of the tube than there is for it to push out against the tube wall
Remember that the ice is trying to expand equally in all directions and the ice further down the tube is actually also pushing back on the ice near the dent so the ice near the dent decides the pipe wall is less of an obstacle than the ice beside itself. Kinda hard to describe but that's the way it is because the ice is a solid.
Edit - oh, and I should mention that at just before 100 degrees C - water is at it's largest volume, at 100, it changes state into a vapour....gas.